Introduction
We are constantly, and increasingly, bombarded by unnatural, manmade, electromagnetic radiation (EMF).
As we shall see, the potentially detrimental effects, resulting from radiation exposure, generated by ubiquitous mobile-communication stations, cell-phones and Wi-Fi networks, are well documented by a host of researchers across the world.
The ramifications and magnitude of the threat do however remain unclear. Nevertheless, as evidenced by numerous studies; the livelihood of biological organisms may be severely compromised by exposure to electromagnetic radiation; a cautious attitude therefore seems appropriate.
How do we protect ourselves?
Bioavailable, dietary, antioxidants appear to be protective (7,8). The daily consumption of significant quantities of berries and beets for example, and colorful fruits and vegetables in general, will therefore provide substantial protection, whereby we may avoid or mitigate the dangers of EMF exposure.
QLink produce powerful, effective, protective, pendants, which shield our body from the harmful effects of EMF, whilst furthermore enhancing our own bio-field. The efficacy of Qlink's technology has been demonstrated by the University of Vienna and King's College London for example, many of their products are endorsed by professors from MIT, UCLA and Stanford University, and numerous world class athletes, golfers and chess-masters have experienced significant gains by employing this technology.
Qlink's devices may enhance the quality of sleep, aid concentration and boost energy levels, whereby our overall wellbeing may be significantly improved. See, Qlink.
A Word of Caution
A large part of the research, conducted in relation to the impact of EMF on humans and other animals, is funded by various organizations associated with the mobile-communications industry, which, unfortunately, needless to say, causes an irrevocable, undeniable, conflict of interest. Notably, the tobacco industry previously, successfully, significantly delayed the attainment of any definitive association between smoking and lung cancer by engaging in a long, protected, scientific turf war, this was possible since proving statistic correlations, amongst large, uncontrolled, populations groups, is notoriously difficult; given the always present, obfuscating, confounding factors.
The Scientific Evidence
EMF alters the biochemical makeup of the brain:
“MF exposure decreased pyramidal neuron numbers 51.15% and increased ischemic neuron numbers 73% at cortex region of brain. In addition, vascular dilatations have increased clearly in group F2… …In conclusion, MF affected some biochemical parameters, especially the cortex region of the brain.”(4)
Oxidative stress in the nervous system caused by EM radiation:
“The observed protein expression changes may be related to brain plasticity alterations, indicative of oxidative stress in the nervous system or involved in apoptosis and might potentially explain human health hazards reported so far, such as headaches, sleep disturbance, fatigue, memory deficits, and brain tumor long-term induction under similar exposure conditions” (1).
“The exposure of RF-EMR similar to 1.8 GHz Global system for mobile communication (GSM) leads to protein oxidation in brain tissue and an increase in serum NO”(8).
EMF may adversely impact our endocrine system (the body’s hormone production facilities)
“A reduction in testosterone, an increase in caspase-3, and distortion in spermatozoa could be caused by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in animals under mobile phone radiation exposure. Our findings on these biomarkers are clear indications of possible health implications of repeated exposure to mobile phone radiation.” (5)
These brain alterations seem to negatively affect memory and visual information processing:
“The data suggest that visual information processing mechanisms in hippocampus, perirhinal and entorhinal cortex are gradually malfunctioning upon long-term daily exposure, a phenotype that persists for at least 2 weeks after interruption of radiation, returning to normal memory performance levels 4 weeks later. It is postulated that cellular repair mechanisms are operating to eliminate the memory affecting molecules. The overall contribution of several possible mechanisms to the observed cumulative and transient impairments in spatial and non-spatial memory is discussed”(6).
EMF may also cause or contribute to the manifestation of symptoms of depression:
“Results established that ELF MF elevated NO levels in the regions of brain. Furthermore, the implication of NO was assessed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors suggesting the involvement of NO in ELF MF induced depression” (14).
Effective, plasma active, plant based, anti-oxidants may be protective against the damaging oxidative stress caused by EMF exposure:
“Our results suggest that there is a significant increase in brain lipid and protein oxidation after electromagnetic radiation (EMR) exposure and that garlic has a protective effect against this oxidative stress”(7).
“Our results show that the acute exposure to EMF does not induce elevation of stress-hormone corticosterone but impairs the antioxidant status in rat brain” (10).
Children appear to be especially at risk in relation to EMF exposure:
“When electrical properties are considered, a child's head's absorption can be over two times greater, and absorption of the skull's bone marrow can be ten times greater than adults. Therefore, a new certification process is needed that incorporates different modes of use, head sizes, and tissue properties. Anatomically based models should be employed in revising safety standards for these ubiquitous modern devices and standards should be set by accountable, independent groups.”(2)
EMF may damage developing fetuses:
“Through this study, we concluded that receiving a certain period of microwave radiation from cellular phones during pregnancy has certain harm on fetal rat brains.”(3)
Certain cancerous tumors are associated with EMF exposure:
“Based on epidemiological studies there is a consistent pattern of increased risk for glioma and acoustic neuroma associated with use of mobile phones and cordless phones. The evidence comes mainly from two study centres, the Hardell group in Sweden and the Interphone Study Group… …The different risk pattern for tumor type strengthens the findings regarding glioma and acoustic neuroma. Meta-analyses of the Hardell group and Interphone studies show an increased risk for glioma and acoustic neuroma. Supportive evidence comes also from anatomical localisation of the tumor to the most exposed area of the brain, cumulative exposure in hours and latency time that all add to the biological relevance of an increased risk. In addition risk calculations based on estimated absorbed dose give strength to the findings.”(9)
Accumulative exposure to EMF seems to increase our susceptibility to tumor development:
“…there exists extensive evidence that the amount of exposure to cell phone radiation plays a key role in determining the significant associations between cell phone use and gliomas, acoustic neuroma, and meningiomas. In general, those who use cell phones for more than ten years, using cell phones more than 20 minutes per day, or cumulative call time for more than 700 hours, or RF-EMF absorption for more than 3000 joules/kg have higher risks to develop brain tumors, whereas those who use cell phones for less than one year have lower risks” (13).
The Mobile-communications industry recently suffered a major setback:
“The first case in the world on worker’s compensation for a brain tumor after long-term use of wireless phones was the ruling 12 October 2012 by the Italian Supreme Court. A previous ruling that the Insurance Body for Work (INAIL) must grant compensation to a businessman who had used wireless phones for 12 years and developed a neurinoma in the brain was affirmed (http://www.applelettrosmog.it/public/news.php?id_news=44 ; www.microwavenews.com). He had used both mobile and cordless phones for five to six hours per day preferably on the sameside as the tumour developed. The neurinoma was located in the trigeminal Gasser’s ganglion in the brain. This 5th cranial nerve controls facial sensations and muscles. It is the same type of tumour as the acoustic neuroma in the 8th cranial nerve located in the same area of the brain. No further appeal of the Supreme Court decision is possible”
A word of caution by leading a team of leading researchers:
“…we have stressed the following opinion in several publications during the past years: - “The intense use of mobile phones, not least by youngsters, is a serious memento. A neuronal damage may not have immediately demonstrable consequences, even if repeated. It may, however, in the long run, result in reduced brain reserve capacity that might be unveiled by other later neuronal disease or even the wear and tear of ageing. We can not exclude that after some decades of (often), daily use, a whole generation of users, may suffer negative effects such as autoimmune and neuro-degenerative diseases maybe already in their middle age”…” (11)
EMF may interfere with the performance of the pineal gland; another part of the endocrine system:
“The study aims to investigate the effect of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on Wistar rats… …A significant decrease (P < 0.05) was recorded in the level of pineal melatonin of exposed group as compared with sham exposed. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in creatine kinase, caspase 3, and calcium ion concentration was observed in whole brain of exposed group of animals as compared to sham exposed……The study concludes that a reduction in melatonin or an increase in caspase-3, creatine kinase, and calcium ion may cause significant damage in brain due to chronic exposure of these radiations. These biomarkers clearly indicate possible health implications of such exposures.” (12)
The currently defined, so-called, acceptable levels of EMF exposure appear to be intolerable, in relation to health maintenance, and the recommendations should therefore be redefined; drastically reduced:
“Exposure to mobile telephony radiation may have adverse health effects and thus mobile telephony use should be restricted within more rigorous defined limits of exposure. Since radiation intensity in their experi-ments was 45 and 90 times lower than the current expo-sure limits for 900 and 1800 MHz, respectively, this suggests the need for a significant reduction of the cur- rent exposure limits” (15).
Fertility and mobile phone usage:
"We conclude that pooled results from in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that mobile phone exposure negatively affects sperm quality. Further study is required to determine the full clinical implications for both sub-fertile men and the general population." (16)
References
1) Brain proteome response following whole body exposure of mice to mobile phone or wireless DECT base radiation
Adamantia F. Fragopoulou, Athina Samara, Marianna H. Antonelou, Anta Xanthopoulou, Aggeliki Papadopoulou, Konstantinos Vougas, Eugenia Koutsogiannopoulou, Ema Anastasiadou, Dimitrios J. Stravopodis, George Th. Tsangaris, Lukas H. Margaritis (2012)
2) Exposure Limits: The underestimation of absorbed cell phone radiation, especially in children
Om P. Gandhi, L. Lloyd Morgan, Alvaro Augusto de Salles, Yueh-Ying Han, Ronald B. Herberman, Devra Lee Davis (2012)
3) The influence of microwave radiation from cellular phone on fetal rat brain
Ji Jing1, Zhang Yuhua2, Yang Xiao-qian3, Jiang Rongping4, Guo Dong-mei1, Cui Xi (2012)
4) The effects of long-term exposure of magnetic field via 900-MHz GSM radiation on some biochemical parameters and brain histology in rats
Saadet D. Celikozlu, M. Sabri Ozyurt, Ali Cimbiz, Melda Y. Yardimoglu4, M. Kasim Cayci, Yusuf Ozay (2012)
5) Evidence for mobile phone radiation exposure effects on reproductive pattern of male rats: Role of ROS
Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Jitendra Behari (2012)
6) Transient and cumulative memory impairments induced by GSM 1.8 GHz cell phone signal in a mouse model
Maria P. Ntzouni 1, Aikaterini Skouroliakou 2, Nikolaos Kostomitsopoulos 3, Lukas H. Margaritis (2013)
7) Effect of 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation on oxidative stress in rat brain and serum
Birsen Bilgici 1, Aysegul Akar 2, Bahattin Avci 1, Ozgur Korhan Tuncel (2013)
8) Oxidative stress induced by 1.8 GHz radio frequency electromagnetic radiation and effects of garlic extract in rats
Bahattin Avci1, Ayşegül Akar2, Birşen Bilgici1 & Özgür Korhan Tunçel1 (2012)
9) Use of Wireless Phones and Evidence for Increased Risk of Brain Tumors (Supplement)
Lennart Hardell, Michael Carlberg, Kjell, Hansson Mild (2012)
10) Effect of Acute Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Antioxidant Status and Lipid Levels in Rat Brain
Jesús Martínez-Sámano, Patricia V. Torres-Durán, Marco Antonio Juárez-Oropeza, Leticia Verdugo-Díaz, 2012
11) Effects of Electromagnetic Fields From Wireless Communication upon the Blood-Brain Barrier
Leif G. Salford, Henrietta Nittby, Bertil R. R. Persson (2012)
12) Pathophysiology of Microwave Radiation: Effect on Rat Brain
Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Sanjay Kumar, Jitendra Behari (2012)
13) Cell Phone Use Leads to Brain Tumors
Lai Lei Lou and Zheng Yan (2012)
14) Low Frequency magnetic field induces depression by rising nitric oxide levels in the mouse brain.
Salunke, Balwant PUmathe, Sudhir N Chavan, Jagatpalsingh G (2013)
15) Cancer induction molecular pathways and HF-EMF irradiation
Gérard Ledoigt, Dominique Belpomme (2013)
16) Jessica A. Adams, Tamara S. Galloway, Debapriya Mondal, Sandro C. Esteves, Fiona Mathews, Effect of mobile telephones on sperm quality: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Environment International, Volume 70, September 2014, Pages 106-112, ISSN 0160-4120, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.015.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412014001354)
Keywords: Fertility; Mobile or cell phone; Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation; Sperm concentration; Sperm viability; Sperm motility
We are constantly, and increasingly, bombarded by unnatural, manmade, electromagnetic radiation (EMF).
As we shall see, the potentially detrimental effects, resulting from radiation exposure, generated by ubiquitous mobile-communication stations, cell-phones and Wi-Fi networks, are well documented by a host of researchers across the world.
The ramifications and magnitude of the threat do however remain unclear. Nevertheless, as evidenced by numerous studies; the livelihood of biological organisms may be severely compromised by exposure to electromagnetic radiation; a cautious attitude therefore seems appropriate.
How do we protect ourselves?
Bioavailable, dietary, antioxidants appear to be protective (7,8). The daily consumption of significant quantities of berries and beets for example, and colorful fruits and vegetables in general, will therefore provide substantial protection, whereby we may avoid or mitigate the dangers of EMF exposure.
QLink produce powerful, effective, protective, pendants, which shield our body from the harmful effects of EMF, whilst furthermore enhancing our own bio-field. The efficacy of Qlink's technology has been demonstrated by the University of Vienna and King's College London for example, many of their products are endorsed by professors from MIT, UCLA and Stanford University, and numerous world class athletes, golfers and chess-masters have experienced significant gains by employing this technology.
Qlink's devices may enhance the quality of sleep, aid concentration and boost energy levels, whereby our overall wellbeing may be significantly improved. See, Qlink.
A Word of Caution
A large part of the research, conducted in relation to the impact of EMF on humans and other animals, is funded by various organizations associated with the mobile-communications industry, which, unfortunately, needless to say, causes an irrevocable, undeniable, conflict of interest. Notably, the tobacco industry previously, successfully, significantly delayed the attainment of any definitive association between smoking and lung cancer by engaging in a long, protected, scientific turf war, this was possible since proving statistic correlations, amongst large, uncontrolled, populations groups, is notoriously difficult; given the always present, obfuscating, confounding factors.
The Scientific Evidence
EMF alters the biochemical makeup of the brain:
“MF exposure decreased pyramidal neuron numbers 51.15% and increased ischemic neuron numbers 73% at cortex region of brain. In addition, vascular dilatations have increased clearly in group F2… …In conclusion, MF affected some biochemical parameters, especially the cortex region of the brain.”(4)
Oxidative stress in the nervous system caused by EM radiation:
“The observed protein expression changes may be related to brain plasticity alterations, indicative of oxidative stress in the nervous system or involved in apoptosis and might potentially explain human health hazards reported so far, such as headaches, sleep disturbance, fatigue, memory deficits, and brain tumor long-term induction under similar exposure conditions” (1).
“The exposure of RF-EMR similar to 1.8 GHz Global system for mobile communication (GSM) leads to protein oxidation in brain tissue and an increase in serum NO”(8).
EMF may adversely impact our endocrine system (the body’s hormone production facilities)
“A reduction in testosterone, an increase in caspase-3, and distortion in spermatozoa could be caused by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in animals under mobile phone radiation exposure. Our findings on these biomarkers are clear indications of possible health implications of repeated exposure to mobile phone radiation.” (5)
These brain alterations seem to negatively affect memory and visual information processing:
“The data suggest that visual information processing mechanisms in hippocampus, perirhinal and entorhinal cortex are gradually malfunctioning upon long-term daily exposure, a phenotype that persists for at least 2 weeks after interruption of radiation, returning to normal memory performance levels 4 weeks later. It is postulated that cellular repair mechanisms are operating to eliminate the memory affecting molecules. The overall contribution of several possible mechanisms to the observed cumulative and transient impairments in spatial and non-spatial memory is discussed”(6).
EMF may also cause or contribute to the manifestation of symptoms of depression:
“Results established that ELF MF elevated NO levels in the regions of brain. Furthermore, the implication of NO was assessed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors suggesting the involvement of NO in ELF MF induced depression” (14).
Effective, plasma active, plant based, anti-oxidants may be protective against the damaging oxidative stress caused by EMF exposure:
“Our results suggest that there is a significant increase in brain lipid and protein oxidation after electromagnetic radiation (EMR) exposure and that garlic has a protective effect against this oxidative stress”(7).
“Our results show that the acute exposure to EMF does not induce elevation of stress-hormone corticosterone but impairs the antioxidant status in rat brain” (10).
Children appear to be especially at risk in relation to EMF exposure:
“When electrical properties are considered, a child's head's absorption can be over two times greater, and absorption of the skull's bone marrow can be ten times greater than adults. Therefore, a new certification process is needed that incorporates different modes of use, head sizes, and tissue properties. Anatomically based models should be employed in revising safety standards for these ubiquitous modern devices and standards should be set by accountable, independent groups.”(2)
EMF may damage developing fetuses:
“Through this study, we concluded that receiving a certain period of microwave radiation from cellular phones during pregnancy has certain harm on fetal rat brains.”(3)
Certain cancerous tumors are associated with EMF exposure:
“Based on epidemiological studies there is a consistent pattern of increased risk for glioma and acoustic neuroma associated with use of mobile phones and cordless phones. The evidence comes mainly from two study centres, the Hardell group in Sweden and the Interphone Study Group… …The different risk pattern for tumor type strengthens the findings regarding glioma and acoustic neuroma. Meta-analyses of the Hardell group and Interphone studies show an increased risk for glioma and acoustic neuroma. Supportive evidence comes also from anatomical localisation of the tumor to the most exposed area of the brain, cumulative exposure in hours and latency time that all add to the biological relevance of an increased risk. In addition risk calculations based on estimated absorbed dose give strength to the findings.”(9)
Accumulative exposure to EMF seems to increase our susceptibility to tumor development:
“…there exists extensive evidence that the amount of exposure to cell phone radiation plays a key role in determining the significant associations between cell phone use and gliomas, acoustic neuroma, and meningiomas. In general, those who use cell phones for more than ten years, using cell phones more than 20 minutes per day, or cumulative call time for more than 700 hours, or RF-EMF absorption for more than 3000 joules/kg have higher risks to develop brain tumors, whereas those who use cell phones for less than one year have lower risks” (13).
The Mobile-communications industry recently suffered a major setback:
“The first case in the world on worker’s compensation for a brain tumor after long-term use of wireless phones was the ruling 12 October 2012 by the Italian Supreme Court. A previous ruling that the Insurance Body for Work (INAIL) must grant compensation to a businessman who had used wireless phones for 12 years and developed a neurinoma in the brain was affirmed (http://www.applelettrosmog.it/public/news.php?id_news=44 ; www.microwavenews.com). He had used both mobile and cordless phones for five to six hours per day preferably on the sameside as the tumour developed. The neurinoma was located in the trigeminal Gasser’s ganglion in the brain. This 5th cranial nerve controls facial sensations and muscles. It is the same type of tumour as the acoustic neuroma in the 8th cranial nerve located in the same area of the brain. No further appeal of the Supreme Court decision is possible”
A word of caution by leading a team of leading researchers:
“…we have stressed the following opinion in several publications during the past years: - “The intense use of mobile phones, not least by youngsters, is a serious memento. A neuronal damage may not have immediately demonstrable consequences, even if repeated. It may, however, in the long run, result in reduced brain reserve capacity that might be unveiled by other later neuronal disease or even the wear and tear of ageing. We can not exclude that after some decades of (often), daily use, a whole generation of users, may suffer negative effects such as autoimmune and neuro-degenerative diseases maybe already in their middle age”…” (11)
EMF may interfere with the performance of the pineal gland; another part of the endocrine system:
“The study aims to investigate the effect of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on Wistar rats… …A significant decrease (P < 0.05) was recorded in the level of pineal melatonin of exposed group as compared with sham exposed. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in creatine kinase, caspase 3, and calcium ion concentration was observed in whole brain of exposed group of animals as compared to sham exposed……The study concludes that a reduction in melatonin or an increase in caspase-3, creatine kinase, and calcium ion may cause significant damage in brain due to chronic exposure of these radiations. These biomarkers clearly indicate possible health implications of such exposures.” (12)
The currently defined, so-called, acceptable levels of EMF exposure appear to be intolerable, in relation to health maintenance, and the recommendations should therefore be redefined; drastically reduced:
“Exposure to mobile telephony radiation may have adverse health effects and thus mobile telephony use should be restricted within more rigorous defined limits of exposure. Since radiation intensity in their experi-ments was 45 and 90 times lower than the current expo-sure limits for 900 and 1800 MHz, respectively, this suggests the need for a significant reduction of the cur- rent exposure limits” (15).
Fertility and mobile phone usage:
"We conclude that pooled results from in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that mobile phone exposure negatively affects sperm quality. Further study is required to determine the full clinical implications for both sub-fertile men and the general population." (16)
References
1) Brain proteome response following whole body exposure of mice to mobile phone or wireless DECT base radiation
Adamantia F. Fragopoulou, Athina Samara, Marianna H. Antonelou, Anta Xanthopoulou, Aggeliki Papadopoulou, Konstantinos Vougas, Eugenia Koutsogiannopoulou, Ema Anastasiadou, Dimitrios J. Stravopodis, George Th. Tsangaris, Lukas H. Margaritis (2012)
2) Exposure Limits: The underestimation of absorbed cell phone radiation, especially in children
Om P. Gandhi, L. Lloyd Morgan, Alvaro Augusto de Salles, Yueh-Ying Han, Ronald B. Herberman, Devra Lee Davis (2012)
3) The influence of microwave radiation from cellular phone on fetal rat brain
Ji Jing1, Zhang Yuhua2, Yang Xiao-qian3, Jiang Rongping4, Guo Dong-mei1, Cui Xi (2012)
4) The effects of long-term exposure of magnetic field via 900-MHz GSM radiation on some biochemical parameters and brain histology in rats
Saadet D. Celikozlu, M. Sabri Ozyurt, Ali Cimbiz, Melda Y. Yardimoglu4, M. Kasim Cayci, Yusuf Ozay (2012)
5) Evidence for mobile phone radiation exposure effects on reproductive pattern of male rats: Role of ROS
Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Jitendra Behari (2012)
6) Transient and cumulative memory impairments induced by GSM 1.8 GHz cell phone signal in a mouse model
Maria P. Ntzouni 1, Aikaterini Skouroliakou 2, Nikolaos Kostomitsopoulos 3, Lukas H. Margaritis (2013)
7) Effect of 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation on oxidative stress in rat brain and serum
Birsen Bilgici 1, Aysegul Akar 2, Bahattin Avci 1, Ozgur Korhan Tuncel (2013)
8) Oxidative stress induced by 1.8 GHz radio frequency electromagnetic radiation and effects of garlic extract in rats
Bahattin Avci1, Ayşegül Akar2, Birşen Bilgici1 & Özgür Korhan Tunçel1 (2012)
9) Use of Wireless Phones and Evidence for Increased Risk of Brain Tumors (Supplement)
Lennart Hardell, Michael Carlberg, Kjell, Hansson Mild (2012)
10) Effect of Acute Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Antioxidant Status and Lipid Levels in Rat Brain
Jesús Martínez-Sámano, Patricia V. Torres-Durán, Marco Antonio Juárez-Oropeza, Leticia Verdugo-Díaz, 2012
11) Effects of Electromagnetic Fields From Wireless Communication upon the Blood-Brain Barrier
Leif G. Salford, Henrietta Nittby, Bertil R. R. Persson (2012)
12) Pathophysiology of Microwave Radiation: Effect on Rat Brain
Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Sanjay Kumar, Jitendra Behari (2012)
13) Cell Phone Use Leads to Brain Tumors
Lai Lei Lou and Zheng Yan (2012)
14) Low Frequency magnetic field induces depression by rising nitric oxide levels in the mouse brain.
Salunke, Balwant PUmathe, Sudhir N Chavan, Jagatpalsingh G (2013)
15) Cancer induction molecular pathways and HF-EMF irradiation
Gérard Ledoigt, Dominique Belpomme (2013)
16) Jessica A. Adams, Tamara S. Galloway, Debapriya Mondal, Sandro C. Esteves, Fiona Mathews, Effect of mobile telephones on sperm quality: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Environment International, Volume 70, September 2014, Pages 106-112, ISSN 0160-4120, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.015.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412014001354)
Keywords: Fertility; Mobile or cell phone; Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation; Sperm concentration; Sperm viability; Sperm motility
Dangers of EMF
The Scientific Basis for Concern
